The National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Program was created
under the federal Clean Water Act to protect and improve water quality by
regulating point source dischargers. Point source dischargers are
operations that discharge pollutants from discrete conveyances directly into
waters of the United States. Point source dischargers are regulated by
NPDES permits.
An NPDES permit:
Identifies wastewater
discharges to surface waters from the point source facility
Sets requirements
designed to protect water quality (such as discharge limits, management
practices and recordkeeping requirements) that the discharger must meet
Allows an operation to
discharge pollutants as long as the operation meets the requirements in the
permit.
NPDES CAFO permit
prohibits discharges except under certain limited conditions.
If a facility discharges
pollutants without having a permit, or has a permit but does not meet the
requirements, it is violating the Clean Water Act. Its owner or operator
could be subject to enforcement.